2024年用scrapy爬取BOSS直聘的操作
爬取BOSS直聘面临的主要挑战包括:
pip install scrapy
selenium
:用于模拟浏览器行为,处理动态加载内容。requests
:用于发送HTTP请求。BeautifulSoup4
:用于解析HTML。fake-useragent
:用于随机生成User-Agent。
scrapy startproject bosszhipin
cd bosszhipin
import scrapy
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from fake_useragent import UserAge nt
class BossSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'boss'
allowed_domains = ['zhipin.com']
start_urls = ['https://www.zhipin.com/job_detail/?query=python&ci ty=101010100&page=1']
def __init__(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
self.ua = UserAgent()
def parse(self, response):
# 使用Selenium解析动态加载内容
self.driver.get(response.url)
# ... (定位元素,提取数据)
# 获取下一页链接
next_page = self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//div[@class="page"]/a[@class="next"]')
if next_page:
next_url = next_page.get_attribute('href')
yield scrapy.Request(next_url, callback=self.parse)
def closed(self, spider):
self.driver.quit()
WebDriverWait
等待元素加载。fake-useragent
生成随机User-Agent。
# ... (同上)
def parse(self, response):
self.driver.get(response.url)
wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10)
job_list = wait.until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.job-list')))
for job in job_list:
item = {
'title': job.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '.job-title').text,
# ...
}
yield item
# ... (获取下一页)
爬取BOSS直聘是一个综合性的任务,需要考虑多个方面。通过合理地运用Scrapy、Selenium等工具,结合反爬虫策略,可以实现高效的爬取。
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